Unit 9: CITIES OF THE WORLD

I. VOCABULARY
Africa /ˈæfrɪkə/                  châu Phi
Antarctica /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/     châu Nam Cực
architect /ˈɑːkɪtekt/            kiến trúc
Asia /ˈeɪʒə/                       châu Á
Australia /ɒsˈstreɪliə/         nước Úc, châu Úc
award /əˈwɔːd/                 phần thưởng
awful /ˈɔːfl/                      kinh khủng
capital /ˈkæpɪtəl/             thủ đô
city /ˈsɪti/                        thành phố
common /ˈkɒmən/            thông thường
consist (of) /kənˈsɪst əv/   bao gồm
continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/        lục địa, đại lục
country /ˈkʌntri/                quốc gia, đất nước
creature /ˈkriːtʃər/              sinh vật
 crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/            đông đúc, chật ních
dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/      nguy hiểm
design /dɪˈzaɪn/                   thiết kế
egg-shaped building /eg-ʃəɪpt ˈbɪldɪŋ/   tòa nhà hình quả trứng
Europe /ˈjʊərəp/                   châu Âu
exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/                 hứng thú, náo nhiệt
expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/            đắt đỏ
famous (for) /ˈfeɪməs fɔːr/        nổi tiếng
heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/                  di sản
historic /hɪˈstɒrɪk/                   có tính lịch sử
journey /ˈdʒɜːni/                       chuyến đi, hành trình
landmark /ˈlændmɑːk/               mốc bờ, giới hạn
leisure activity /ˈleʒər ækˈtɪvɪti /  hoạt động giải trí
lovely /ˈlʌvli/                              đáng yêu
merlion /mɜˈlaɪən/                       sư tử cái
North America /nɔːθ əˈmerɪkə/        Bắc Mỹ
overall /əʊvəˈrɔːl/                          toàn bộ
peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/                              thanh bình
place of interest /pleɪs əv ˈɪntrəst/     nơi/ điểm tham quan
playwright /ˈpleɪraɪt/                         nhà viết kịch
polluted /pəˈluːtɪd/                             bị ô nhiễm
popular /ˈpɒpjələr/                             phổ biến
postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/                          bưu thiếp
purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/                                mục đích
quiet /ˈkwaɪət/                                    yên tĩnh
royal /ˈrɔɪəl/                                       thuộc hoàng gia
safe /seɪf/                                            an toàn
South America /saʊθ əˈmerɪkə/             Nam Mỹ
Sweden /ˈswiːdn/                                   nước Thụy Điển
symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ biểu tượng
Temple of Literature /ˈtempəl əv ˈlɪtrətʃər /  Văn Miếu
tower /ˈtaʊər/                                            tòa tháp
UNESCO World Heritage /juːˈneskəʊ wɜːld ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ di sản thế giới được UNESCO công nhận
university /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/                             trường đại học
web page /web peɪdʒ/                                  trang web
well-known /wel ˈnəʊn/                              nổi tiếng
writer /ˈraɪtər/                                            nhà văn

PART 1: GETTING STARTED
Students read the conversation between Tom and Mai then do exercise a page 27.
PART 2: A CLOSER LOOK 1
Students do exercise 1,2 page 28.
PART 3: ACLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR
Present perfect ( Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
a. Form (Công thức):

(+) I, you, we, they + have + V3
       He, she, it + has + V3

(-) I, you, we, they + haven’t + V3
       He, she, it + hasn’t + V3

(?) Have + I, you, we, they + V3
       Has + he, she, it + V3
Ví dụ: She has lived here for 10 years. (Cô ấy đã sống ở đây 10 năm).
Have you ever seen this movie before? (Bạn đã từng xem bộ phim này trước đây
chưa?)
b. Usage ( Cách dung)
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra nhưng không xác định chính xác thời gian.
Ví dụ: Tom has travelled around the world.
(Tom đã đi du lịch vòng quanh thế giới.)
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra nhiều lần.
Ví dụ: George has seen this movie three times.
(George đã xem bộ phim đó ba lần.)
- Một hành động bắt đầu diễn ra trong quá khứ và kéo dài tới hiện tại.
Ví dụ: Tom has lived in that house for 20 years. He still lives there.
(Tom đã sống trong ngôi nhà đó 20 năm. Anh ấy vẫn đang sống ở đó.)
c. Signals ( Dấu hiệu)
- already (rồi), yet (chưa), ever (đã từng), never (chưa từng), recently - lately (thời gian gần đây), so far = until now = up to now (cho tới bây giờ)
- since + mốc thời gian: từ khi ...: since 2000 (từ năm 2000), since I was a child (từ lúc tôi còn bé)
- for + khoảng thời gian: trong ...: for 2 years (trong 2 năm), for a month (trong 1 tháng)
d. How to form V3
❖ Đối với động từ có quy tắc, ta thêm đuôi -eđ.
❖ Đối với động từ bất quy tắc, tra Bảng động từ bất quy tăc.
2. Superlative of long adjectives Form: ( So sánh nhất của tính từ dài)
Form:
Ví dụ:
She is the most intelligent child in her class.
(Cô ấy là đứa trẻ thông minh nhất lớp.)
This is the most beautiful house in the village.
(Đây là ngôi nhà đẹp nhất làng.)
This is the most expensive car in our store.
(Đây là cái ô tô đắt nhất cửa hàng tôi.)
Students do exercise 2,3  page 30.
PART 4: SKILLS 1
Students read the text “Love from Sweden” then do exercise 2,3 page 32.
PART 5: SKILLS 2
Writing:
A holiday postcard
Students do exercise 4 page 33
PART 5: LOOKING BACK
Students do exercises 1,3,4 page 34.

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Exercise 1: Look at the meanings and complete the blank with English words.

         English                      Vietnamese
...............................                lục địa
...............................                thủ đô
...............................                nổi tiếng
...............................                hào hứng
...............................                yên bình
...............................                đại học
...............................               nhà văn
...............................               nhà chọc trời
...............................                di sản
...............................        mục đích

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with forms of present perfect. ( Hoàn thành câu sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
1. The bill isn’t right. They (make)______ a mistake.
2. Don’t you want to see this program? It (just/ start)_________ .
3. It will soon get warm here. I (turn)_________ the heating on.
4. Wait for few minutes, please! I (finish)________ my dinner.
5. (you/ ever/ eat)__________________ sushi?
6. She (not/ come)__________ here for a long time.
7. I (work)___________ here for three years.
8. (you/ not/ finish)__________ your project yet?
9. I (just/ decide)___________ to start working next week.
10. Andrew says he (already/ do)___________ about half of the plan.
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the correct form of superlative adjectives. ( Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của so sánh nhất)
1. It was (horrible)___________ feeling I have ever had.
2. Have you read her (recent)____________ book?
3. It was (boring)___________ speech I have ever had.
4. Your idea is (helpful)_____________ one of all.
5. The factory uses (modern)____________ production methods.
6. Is gold (expensive)____________ in the world?
7. Chinese is considered to be (difficult)_________ language to learn.
8. Is this the (interesting) ____________ hobby you have?
9. I have enjoyed (exciting)______________ speech so far.
10. Being a fire fighter is one of (dangerous)____________- jobs.

ANSWER KEY

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 1
1.Conitnent : lục địa
2. Capital : thủ đô
3.Famous : nổi tiếng
4. Exciting : hào hứng
5. Peaceful : yên bình
6. University : đại học
7. Writer : nhà văn
8. Skyscrapers : nhà chọc trời
9. Heritage : di sản
10. Purpose : mục đích
Exercise 2
1.Have made
2. Has started
3. Have turned
4. Have paid
5. Has taken
6. Have finished

1.
Continent : lục địa
Capital : thủ đô
Popular : nổi tiếng
Excited: hào hứng
Peaceful : : nhà chọc trời
Heritage : di sản
Purpose : mục đích
2.
1.have made
2.has started
3. Have turn
4. Have paid
5. Has taked
6. Have finished
7. Has worked
8. Have finsh
9. Have decide
10. Have already
3.
1. The most horrible
2. The most recent
3. The most boring
4. The most helpful
5. The most modern
6. The expensivest
7. The most difficult
8. Most interesting
9. The most exciting
10. The most dangerous

Bài làm
Exercise 1
1.continent : lục địa
2.capital : thủ đô
3. Famous : nổi tiếng
4. Exciting : hào hứng
5. Peaceful : yên bình
6. University : đại học
7. Wsiter : nhà văn
8. Skyserpers : nhà chọc trời
9. Heritage : di sản
10. Purpose : mục đích
Exercise 2
1. Have make
2. Has syartad
3. Have turned
4 have paid
5. Has taken
6. Have finished
7. Has work
8. Do have finish
9. Have decide
10. Have already
Exercise 3
1. Horibest
2.Recrnest
3.Boriest
4.Helfulest
5.Moderest
6.Expensivest
7.Diffiales
8.Interesest
9.Excitest
10.Dongerest

B. EXERCISE
Exercise 1: Look at the meanings and complete the blank with English words.

English Vietnamese
...continent lục địa
Capital Thủ đô
....famous... nổi tiếng
...exciting............ hào hứng
....queit............. yên bình
....university.... đại học
.....writer........... nhà văn
...skyscraper......... nhà chọc trời
......heritage...... di sản
....purpose.............. mục đích

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with forms of present perfect. ( Hoàn thành câu sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
1. The bill isn’t right. They (make)_have made a mistake.
2. Don’t you want to see this program? It (just/ start) has just _start______ .
3. It will soon get warm here. I (turn)_have turned the heating on.
4. Wait for few minutes, please! I (finish) have finished my dinner.
5. (you/ ever/ eat)_have_you_ever_eaten______________ sushi?
6. She (not/ come)_hasn't_came________ here for a long time.
7. I (work)_have_worked_________ here for three years.
8. (you/ not/ finish)_have_you_finished_______ your project yet?
9. I (just/ decide)_have_just_decided________ to start working next week.
10. Andrew says he (already/ do)_has_already_done________ about half of the plan.
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the correct form of superlative adjectives. ( Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của so sánh nhất)
1. It was (horrible)_the_most_horrible____ feeling I have ever had.
2. Have you read her (recent)_the_most_recent_________ book?
3. It was (boring)_the_most_boring________ speech I have ever had.
4. Your idea is (helpful)_the_most_helpful__________ one of all.
5. The factory uses (modern)_is_the_most_modem________ production methods.
6. Is gold (expensive)_the_most_expensive_________ in the world?
7. Chinese is considered to be (difficult)_the_most_difficult______ language to learn.
8. Is this the (interesting) _the_most_interesting_________ hobby you have?
9. I have enjoyed (exciting)_is_the_most__exciting_________ speech so far.
10. Being a fire fighter is one of (dangerous)_the_most_dangerous_________- jobs.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Bài làm:
Exercise 1.
1. Continent : lục địa
2. Capital : thủ đô
3. Famous : nổi tiếng
4. Exciting : hào hứng
5. Peaceful : yên bình
6. University : đại học
7. Wsiter : nhà văn
8. Skyserpers : nhà chọc trời
9. Heritage : di sản
10. Purpose : mục đích
Exercise 2.
1. Have make
2. Has started
3. Have turn
4. Have finished
5. Have you eat
6. Hasn't come
7. Have work
8. Have you finish
9. Have decide
10. Has already
Exercise 3.
1. The most horrible
2. The most recent
3. The most boring
4. The most helpful
5. The most modern
6. The most expensive
7. The most difficult
8. The most interesting
9. The most exciting
10. The most dangerous

Exercise 1:
Continent
Capital
Popular
Excited
Peaceful
University
Writer
Skyscraper
Heritage
Purpose
Excercise 2:
1. The bill isn’t right. They have made a mistake.
2. Don’t you want to see this program? It has just started.
3. It will soon get warm here. I have turned the heating on.
4. Wait for few minutes, please! I have finished my dinner.
5. Have you ever eaten sushi?
6. She has not come here for a long time.
7. I have worked here for three years.
8. Have you ever finished your project yet?
9. I have just decided to start working next week.
10. Andrew says he has already done about half of the plan.
Exercice 3:
1. It was the most horrible feeling I have ever had.
2. Have you read her the most recent book?
3. It was the most boring speech I have ever had.
4. Your idea is the most helpful one of all.
5. The factory uses the most modern production methods.
6. Is gold the most expensive in the world?
7. Chinese is considered to be the most difficult language to learn.
8. Is this the most interesting hobby you have?
9. I have enjoyed the most exciting speech so far.
10. Being a fire fighter is one of the most dangerous jobs.

Bài làm
Exercise 1
Continent : lục địa
Capital : thủ đô
Famous : nổi tiếng
Exciting : hào hứng
Peaceful : yên bình
University : đại học
Wsiter : nhà văn
Skyserpers : nhà chọc trời
Heritage : di sản
Purpose : mục đích
Exercise 2
1. They have made a mistake .
2. It has fust started .
3. I have turned the heating on .
4. I have finished my dinner .
5. Have you ever eaten sushi ?
6. She has not come here for a long time .
7. I have worked here for three years .
8. Have you ever finished your project yet ?
9. I have just decided to start working next week .
10. Andrew says he has already done about half of the plan .
Exercise 3
1. It was the most horrible feeling I have ever had .
2. Have you read her the most recent book ?
3. It was the most boring speech I have ever had .
4. Your idea is the most helpful one of all .
5. The factory uses the most modern production methods .
6. Is gold the most expensive in the world .
7. Chinese is considered to be most difficult language .
8. Is this the most interesting hobby you have ?
9. I have enjoyed the most exciting speech so far .
10. Being a fire fighter is one of the most dangerous jobs .

Exercise 1
1.Conitnent : lục địa
2. Capital : thủ đô
3.Famous : nổi tiếng
4. Exciting : hào hứng
5. Peaceful : yên bình
6. University : đại học
7. Writer : nhà văn
8. Skyscrapers : nhà chọc trời
9. Heritage : di sản
10. Purpose : mục đích
Exercise 2
1.Have made
2. Has started
3. Have turned
4. Have paid
5. Has taken
6. Have finished

Exercise 1
1 content : lục địa
2 capital : thủ đô
3 samour : nổi tiếng
4 exciting : hào hứng
5 peaceful : bình yên
6 university: đại học
7 writer : nhà văn
8 skyscrapers: nhà chọc trời
9 heritare : đi sản
10 purpore : mục đích
Exercise 2
1 have Made
2 has started
3 have turned
4 have paid
5 has taken
6 have finished
Exercise 3
1 horibest
2 recrnest
3 boriest
4 helfulest
5 moderest
6 expensivest
7 Diffiales
8 interest
9 excitest
10 Dongerest

Exercise 1
1.Conitnent : lục địa
2. Capital : thủ đô
3.Famous : nổi tiếng
4. Exciting : hào hứng
5. Peaceful : yên bình
6. University : đại học
7. Writer : nhà văn
8. Skyscrapers : nhà chọc trời
9. Heritage : di sản
10. Purpose : mục đích
Exercise 2
1.Have made
2. Has started
3. Have turned
4. Have paid
5. Has taken
6. Have finished

Exercise 1: Look at the meanings and complete the blank with English words.

English Vietnamese
.............continent................. lục địa
...........capial.................... thủ đô
...............famous................ nổi tiếng
..........Exciting..................... hào hứng
............peaceful................... yên bình
...............university................ đại học
................writer............... nhà văn
.............Skyscrapers.................. nhà chọc trời
.................Heritage.............. di sản
..................purpose............. mục đích
1. The bill isn’t right. They have made a mistake.
2. Don’t you want to see this program? It has just started.
3. It will soon get warm here. I have turned the heating on.
4. Wait for few minutes, please! I have finished my dinner.
5. Have you ever eaten sushi?
6. She has not come here for a long time.
7. I have worked here for three years.
8. Have you ever finished your project yet?
9. I have just decided to start working next week.
10. Andrew says he has already done about half of the plan.
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with forms of present perfect. ( Hoàn thành câu sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

It was the most horrible feeling I have ever had.
2. Have you read her the most recent book?
3. It was the most boring speech I have ever had.
4. Your idea is the most helpful one of all.
5. The factory uses the most modern production methods.
6. Is gold the most expensive in the world?
7. Chinese is considered to be the most difficult language to learn.
8. Is this the most interesting hobby you have?
9. I have enjoyed the most exciting speech so far.
10. Being a fire fighter is one of the most dangerous jobs.

Exercise1:
1 continent :luc dia
2 capital :thu do
3 famous :noi tieng
4 exciting :hao hung
5 peaceful: yen binh
6 university :dai hoc
7 wsiter :nha van
8 skyserpers : nha choc troi
9 heritage : di san
10 purpose : muc dich
Exercise2:
1 have make
2 has syartad
3 have turned
4 have paid
5 has taken
6 have finished
7 has work
8 do have finish
9 have decide
10 have already
Exercise3 :
1 horibest
2 recrnest
3 boriest
4 helfulest
5 moderest
6 expensivest
7 diffiales
8 Interresest
9 excitest
10 dongerest